Characterization of periodontal disease in smoking patients at Cacocum municipality, 2020

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontal disease is considered a set of alterations in the physiology of the tissues that surround and support the teeth. Studies in large population groups indicate that smokers have a clear tendency to periodontal disease.

Objective: To characterize the behavior of periodontal diseases in smoking patients, in the municipality of Cacocum from September 2019 - to February 2020.

Method: A descriptive observational study of series of cases was carried out in the period from September 2019 to February 2020. The universe consisted of 150 patients who went to the consultation in this period and the sample, 85 diagnosed smoking patients with periodontal disease selected by intentional non – probability sampling. To evaluate oral hygiene, Love's Oral Hygiene index was used and the Revised Russell periodontal index (IP-R) was used to evaluate periodontal status. Variables such as: age, sex, severity of periodontal diseases and oral hygiene were studied; descriptive statistics was used.

Results: A predominance of patients over 57 years old (52.2 %), as well as males (56.5 %), was found. Most of the patients presented a mild periodontal condition (51.8 %). Poor oral hygiene prevailed in most of those examined (74.1 %).

Conclusions: Middle-age men present more frequently mild gingivitis, followed by severe periodontal disease associated with poor oral hygiene.